Website
Website example
University of Chicago Press. 2024. "Turabian Style Guide." The Chicago Manual of Style Online. March 15, 2024. https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/turabian.html.
History citation style
Free Turabian author-date Citation Generator
Turabian author-date style is one of two Turabian citation systems, using parenthetical author-date citations, ideal for sciences and social sciences.
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Turabian ADJournal article
Smith, Jane A., and Mark B. Doe. 2024. "The Effects of Climate Change on Coastal Ecosystems." Journal of Environmental Science 45 (3): 234–51.
Book
Smith, Jane A. 2023. Coastal Ecosystems in a Changing Climate. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Website
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2024. "Climate Change Indicators: Sea Surface Temperature." NOAA Climate.gov. Accessed April 15, 2024. https://www.climate.gov/news-features/sea-surface-temperature.
In-text
(Smith and Doe 2024, 237)
Sample formatted to the official Turabian author-date rules. Your real citation fills in from any URL, DOI, or ISBN.
Turabian author-date Citation Examples
See how to format different source types in Turabian author-date.
Journal article
Journal article example
Smith, John, and Mary Doe. 2024. "Historical Research Methods." Journal of History 45, no. 2: 123-45.
Book
Book example
Brown, Charles. 2023. The Study of History. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Quick Turabian author-date Rules
Author Format
Last name, First name. Use 'and' before last author.
Title Format
Title case for article titles in quotation marks. Italicize book and journal titles.
Date Format
Year in parentheses follows author in reference list.
Journal/Source
Journal name italicized, volume number, issue number (in parentheses), year, and page range.
In-text Citations
Use parenthetical author-date format: (Author Year) or (Author Year, page number) for direct quotes.
Turabian author-date Frequently Asked Questions
What is Turabian author-date style?
Turabian author-date is one of two Turabian systems. It uses parenthetical (Author Year) citations, ideal for sciences and social sciences.
How does Turabian author-date differ from notes-bibliography?
Author-date uses parenthetical citations (Smith 2024). Notes-bibliography uses footnotes with superscript numbers.
How do I format in-text citations in Turabian author-date?
Use (Author Year) for paraphrases and (Author Year, page) for direct quotes. For narrative, use Author (Year).
When should I use Turabian author-date?
Use Turabian author-date for papers in sciences, social sciences, and fields that prefer parenthetical citations over footnotes.